What type of refrigerant is commonly used in modern air conditioning systems?

The use of R-410A as a refrigerant in modern air conditioning systems is due to its favorable characteristics compared to older refrigerants. R-410A is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) that does not deplete the ozone layer, making it an environmentally friendly choice in compliance with global regulations aimed at protecting the ozone. Additionally, R-410A has a higher efficiency and performs better under higher pressure conditions, which allows for improved energy efficiency in cooling applications.

R-22, while once a common refrigerant, is being phased out because it contains chlorine and contributes to ozone depletion. R-123 and R-11 are primarily used in specific applications, such as chillers, and are also associated with ozone depletion. Therefore, R-410A has emerged as the preferred refrigerant for new air conditioning systems, aligning with environmental standards and efficiency requirements in the industry.